The HSBC’s decision to make it
less attractive for its mortgage customers to instruct their own solicitor has
caused much anxiety within conveyancing practices , with many firms facing the
loss of potential work from existing and potential clients.
The question is whether anything
can be done to prevent this from happening.
Can a customer of HSBC insist on using his or her own solicitor without
having to face a financial penalty?
Why freedom of choice is
important?
One of the main concerns is
conflict. Solicitors have in the past
acted for both buyer and lender and though the principles laid down in the
recently introduced customer focused regulations ( Core Duties) would suggest (
if strictly applied ) that such a conflict should not be allowed to occur, it
seems the Law Society has taken the view that its ‘business as normal’. A decision which we as Conveyancers are of
course happy to accept.
However when as in the present
case HSBC has entered into a contract with one firm of solicitors and is
providing its customers with a financial incentive to use those solicitors the dynamics
of the relationship change and the scope for conflict is heightened. How can the panel firm guarantee that it will
not put the interests of HSBC before those of its clients? Surely it will not
wish to lose what must be quite a lucrative contract with HSBC and therefore
the commercial interests must clearly become influential.
What does the law say?
"It has always been the
fundamental right of every citizen to be represented by solicitors of his or
her choice" (Maltez v.Lewis (1999)).
HSBC may argue that the client
has a choice and is not so restricted. This may on the surface be correct,
however when as is the case the client has received an offer of mortgage and is
not looking to lose this, particularly in the present climate, and knows that
if they decide to instruct their local solicitor they may be paying more,
surely this all adds up to a rather tight and unreasonable constraint?
The Core Duties 3 & 4 of the
Solicitors Practice Code 2007 say a solicitor's agreement with a third party's
restriction on client choice could compromise the solicitor's independence and/or
amount to a breach of Core Duty 4 where such a restriction may not be in the
best interests of a client. As mentioned above one must question whether the
solicitors acting under a high value commercial arrangement with the Bank is
able, despite its best efforts, to provide unfettered advice to its clients. Surely the very fact it is paid by the Bank
and not the client makes this very different from the situation with other
lenders where the client pays the fees. The
existence of a commercial arrangement between the bank and the solicitors must clearly
compromise the solicitors in their dealing with the client.
Parallels with the insurance
market
This issue is one which is often
encountered in the insurance field when providers of legal indemnity insurance
seek to limit the choice of solicitor, when a claim arises, to a member of the insurer’s
panel of solicitors. A conflict in these
circumstances often occurs if the provider of the indemnity insurance also
happens to be the insurer of the defendant against whom the claim is to be
brought. In this case the position is clear
- the insurer must provide the freedom for the policyholder to choose its own
lawyer.
Interestingly The Financial
Ombudsman Service has confirmed the above points and also recommended that it
is appropriate to use the policyholder's own solicitor in any cases where there
is a suggestion of a conflict of interest, or in large and complex matters. In this case if therefore an insurer insists
on a panel lawyer, the policyholder may be able to refer the matter to the Financial
Ombudsman Service.
It will be interesting to see
whether clients with the help of their choice of solicitor look to what has
happened in the insurance industry and begin to challenge through the Ombudsman
Service the financial disincentives imposed by HSBC on freedom of choice.
Conclusion
HSBC must be taken to task on
this policy decision. The scope for
conflict is wider and different from the relationship between other lenders and
their panel of solicitors who are sanctioned to act on their behalf but with
whom there is no commercial arrangement under which money is paid to the solicitor
direct.
Solicitors affected by this decision
may consider making a complaint relying on Core Duties 3 and 4.
Clients affected may decide to refer
the latter to the Ombudsman for investigation though in practice and with the
fear of losing a mortgage offer this may not happen.
Morgan Jones and Pett are solicitors who provide legal advice and services to clients based in England and Wales and who can be contacted on 01603877000 or via email at davidpett@m-j-p.co.uk